Make watercolor or gouache simply from binder and pigment yourself!
With color powder and water you easily get a coloring liquid. Already since the Stone Age we know this simple way of color production. If this coloring liquid is applied to an absorbent surface (cave painting), this color production proves to be highly durable over thousands of years, as long as there is no abrasion and the surface is stable and dry.
The binder for watercolors is gum arabic, as it can be easily dissolved again with water. It is obtained from tropical acacia species of North Africa.
The main difference between gouache and watercolor is the opaque color application of gouache. To achieve this higher opacity, the gouache must be driven a little more pasty and applied thicker.